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Where is it?

Your pelvic floor is a sheet of muscle that is as large as two hands together cupped and stretches from your front or pubic bone under your pubic area to your back or coccyx bone.  It stretches from the left to the right sitting bone.  Your pelvic floor surrounds the outlet of your bladder, uterus and bowel.

What does it do?

It helps you control your bladder and bowel and influences your sexual feeling.  The pelvic floor acts as a sling or hammock, providing support underneath your pelvic organs.  When you contract your pelvic floor muscles you squeeze and lift this area inside yourself.  This flattens and raises the pelvic floor region which elevates and supports the pelvic organs.  This contraction also compresses your urethra and anus.  Your pelvic floor lifts and closes your bladder when you walk, talk, cough sneeze or laugh. 
It also opens and drops when you urinate.  To enable you to urinate or pass a bowel motion the pelvic floor muscles must be able to fully relax.

Why am I having problems?

The pelvic floor may be damaged by childbirth, constipation or straining, heavy lifting, surgery, bed rest, hormonal changes or ageing.
This may be associated with a reduced ability to contract or relax the pelvic floor and may result in the problems below.

When the pelvic floor is weak you may experience urinary leakage, an urgent desire to urinate, an inability to control wind/faeces, constipation or slowly develop a pelvic organ prolapse.

When the pelvic floor is tight or has trouble relaxing you may experience difficulty emptying your bladder, bowel, wearing tampons, intimacy and pelvic pain.

Your goal is to retrain your muscles to do what they are meant to do, to lift and to release at the right time.

After an assessment your physiotherapist will teach you pelvic floor exercises to match your individual situation.